1. add conf/local.conf

+TOOLCHAIN_TARGET_TASK_append = " python-dev kernel-dev kernel-devsrc"

2. bitbake core-image-sato -c populate_sdk_ext

build failed and show the following errors.

ERROR: buildtools-tarball-1.0-r0 do_populate_sdk: Could not invoke dnf. Command '/buildarea/jma1/git/yocto/poky/build/tmp/work/x86_64-nativesdk-pokysdk-linux/buildtools-tarball/1.0-r0/recipe-sysroot-native/usr/bin/dnf -v --rpmverbosity=info -y -c /buildarea/jma1/git/yocto/poky/build/tmp/work/x86_64-nativesdk-pokysdk-linux/buildtools-tarball/1.0-r0/sdk/image/opt/poky/2.7+snapshot/sysroots/none/etc/dnf/dnf.conf --setopt=reposdir=/buildarea/jma1/git/yocto/poky/build/tmp/work/x86_64-nativesdk-pokysdk-linux/buildtools-tarball/1.0-r0/sdk/image/opt/poky/2.7+snapshot/sysroots/none/etc/yum.repos.d --installroot=/buildarea/jma1/git/yocto/poky/build/tmp/work/x86_64-nativesdk-pokysdk-linux/buildtools-tarball/1.0-r0/sdk/image/opt/poky/2.7+snapshot/sysroots/none --setopt=logdir=/buildarea/jma1/git/yocto/poky/build/tmp/work/x86_64-nativesdk-pokysdk-linux/buildtools-tarball/1.0-r0/temp --repofrompath=oe-repo,/buildarea/jma1/git/yocto/poky/build/tmp/work/x86_64-nativesdk-pokysdk-linux/buildtools-tarball/1.0-r0/oe-sdk-repo --nogpgcheck install python-dev kernel-dev kernel-devsrc' returned 1:
DNF version: 4.2.2
cachedir: /buildarea/jma1/git/yocto/poky/build/tmp/work/x86_64-nativesdk-pokysdk-linux/buildtools-tarball/1.0-r0/sdk/image/opt/poky/2.7+snapshot/sysroots/none/var/cache/dnf
Added oe-repo repo from /buildarea/jma1/git/yocto/poky/build/tmp/work/x86_64-nativesdk-pokysdk-linux/buildtools-tarball/1.0-r0/oe-sdk-repo
repo: using cache for: oe-repo
not found other for: 
not found modules for: 
not found deltainfo for: 
not found updateinfo for: 
oe-repo: using metadata from Thu 19 Nov 2020 07:54:12 AM UTC.
Last metadata expiration check: 0:00:01 ago on Thu 19 Nov 2020 07:54:14 AM UTC.
No module defaults found
--> Starting dependency resolution
--> Finished dependency resolution
Error: 
 Problem 1: conflicting requests
  - package python-dev-2.7.16-r0.core2_64 does not have a compatible architecture
  - nothing provides python-core needed by python-dev-2.7.16-r0.core2_64
  - nothing provides libpython2.7-1.0 needed by python-dev-2.7.16-r0.core2_64
 Problem 2: conflicting requests
  - package kernel-dev-5.0.19+git0+c2e34d9ab2_00638cdd8f-r0.qemux86_64 does not have a compatible architecture
 Problem 3: conflicting requests
  - package kernel-devsrc-1.0-r0.qemux86_64 does not have a compatible architecture
  - nothing provides /bin/sh needed by kernel-devsrc-1.0-r0.qemux86_64
  - nothing provides util-linux needed by kernel-devsrc-1.0-r0.qemux86_64
  - nothing provides python needed by kernel-devsrc-1.0-r0.qemux86_64
  - nothing provides bison needed by kernel-devsrc-1.0-r0.qemux86_64
  - nothing provides /usr/bin/env needed by kernel-devsrc-1.0-r0.qemux86_64
  - nothing provides flex needed by kernel-devsrc-1.0-r0.qemux86_64
  - nothing provides elfutils needed by kernel-devsrc-1.0-r0.qemux86_64
  - nothing provides /bin/bash needed by kernel-devsrc-1.0-r0.qemux86_64
  - nothing provides /usr/bin/perl needed by kernel-devsrc-1.0-r0.qemux86_64
  - nothing provides bc needed by kernel-devsrc-1.0-r0.qemux86_64
  - nothing provides openssl-dev needed by kernel-devsrc-1.0-r0.qemux86_64
  - nothing provides libc6-utils needed by kernel-devsrc-1.0-r0.qemux86_64
  - nothing provides /usr/bin/python3 needed by kernel-devsrc-1.0-r0.qemux86_64
  - nothing provides /usr/bin/awk needed by kernel-devsrc-1.0-r0.qemux86_64
  - nothing provides /usr/bin/python needed by kernel-devsrc-1.0-r0.qemux86_64
(try to add '--skip-broken' to skip uninstallable packages or '--nobest' to use not only best candidate packages)

ERROR: Logfile of failure stored in: /buildarea/jma1/git/yocto/poky/build/tmp/work/x86_64-nativesdk-pokysdk-linux/buildtools-tarball/1.0-r0/temp/log.do_populate_sdk.234985
ERROR: Task (/buildarea/jma1/git/yocto/poky/meta/recipes-core/meta/buildtools-tarball.bb:do_populate_sdk) failed with exit code '1'

This is at least partially user error. eSDK depends upon buildtools-tarball so it has it as a dependency. TOOLCHAIN_TARGET_TASK_append modifies buildtools tarball as well as wrlinux-image-glibc-std.

If instead you set

TOOLCHAIN_TARGET_TASK_append_pn-wrlinux-image-glibc-std = "xxx"

then I suspect this will work out better.

Closing as I believe this isn;t expected to work and is configuration error.