The kernel module packages (from kernel.bbclass and modules.bbclass) are getting package post install (and remove) scripts that contain a hard coded reference to STAGING_KERNEL_DIR. This causes depmod failures when installing from an sstate-cache (or package feed).
Change has been merged into oe-core: b18c61bae4d7161c087a004bba3c696006f7a2f6
This doesn't work correctly with multiple machines with same architecture: ../sstate-cache/76/sstate-depmodwrapper-cross-cortexa8-vfp-neon-oe-linux-gnueabi-1.0-r0-cortexa8-vfp-neon-3-76f6af3dfee642561bca7b346ed63612_populate-sysroot.tgz ../sstate-cache/76/sstate-depmodwrapper-cross-cortexa8-vfp-neon-oe-linux-gnueabi-1.0-r0-cortexa8-vfp-neon-3-76f6af3dfee642561bca7b346ed63612_populate-sysroot.tgz.siginfo ../sstate-cache/7c/sstate-depmodwrapper-cross-cortexa8-vfp-neon-oe-linux-gnueabi-1.0-r0-cortexa8-vfp-neon-3-7c0a55714df15cf765dd32b67e2c3fbb_populate-sysroot.tgz ../sstate-cache/7c/sstate-depmodwrapper-cross-cortexa8-vfp-neon-oe-linux-gnueabi-1.0-r0-cortexa8-vfp-neon-3-7c0a55714df15cf765dd32b67e2c3fbb_populate-sysroot.tgz.siginfo It's looking into wrong STAGING_KERNEL_DIR, finds wrong kernel-abiversion and fails. It needs to be MACHINE_ARCH, because STAGING_KERNEL_DIR is MACHINE specific.
Fixed in master: http://git.yoctoproject.org/cgit.cgi/poky/commit/?id=f730a3a037ba03234358838ca7712b5ea195bca5